撒母耳記上19章8-24節
撒母耳記上19章8-24節: 講義(朱國鈞長老)
扫罗三次企图谋杀大卫不成
吕振中译本
8此后又有战事；大卫出去、和非利士人交战，大大击败他们；他们就在他面前逃跑。9从永恒主那里来的恶灵临到扫罗身上；［扫罗坐在屋里，手里拿着矛］大卫则手弹弦琴。10扫罗想法子要用矛刺透大卫，给钉在墙上；大卫却从扫罗面前溜走；扫罗把矛击进墙内；大卫就逃走躲避了。11那一夜扫罗打发差役到大卫的住宅去窥伺他，要在第二天早晨杀死他。大卫的妻子米甲对大卫说∶「你今夜若不逃命，明日就会被杀死。」12于是米甲将大卫从窗户里缒下去、让他走；大卫就逃跑躲避了。13米甲把家神像放在褥子里，又把一个山羊毛枕头放在搁枕头的地方，用衣服盖着。14扫罗打发差役去捉拿大卫，米甲说∶「他病了。」15扫罗又打发差役去看大卫，说∶「把他连褥子都抬上我这里来，我好杀死他。」16差役进去，看见有家神像在褥子里；又有山羊毛枕头放在搁枕头的地方。17扫罗对米甲说∶「你为什么这样哄骗我，放我的仇敌逃走呢？」米甲回答扫罗说∶「他对我说∶『你放我走；不然，我就杀死你』；何必呢？」18大卫就逃避躲，来到拉玛见撒母耳，将扫罗向他行的一切事告诉他。他和撒母耳就去住在拿约。19有人告诉扫罗说∶「看哪，大卫在拉玛的拿约呢。」20扫罗打发差役去捉拿大卫；去的人看见一群神言人正在传神言，撒母耳也站在其中监管着他们；扫罗的差役们也受上帝的灵感动而发神言狂。21有人将这事告诉扫罗，扫罗又打发别的差役去，这些差役也受感动而发神言狂。扫罗第三次打发差役去，这些差役也受感动而发神言狂。22最后、扫罗自己也往拉玛去；他来到无草木的小山禾场的井（传统∶来到西沽的大井）那里，问人说∶「撒母耳和大卫在哪里呢？」有一个人说∶「看哪，他们在拉玛的拿约呢。」23扫罗就从那里往拉玛的拿约去；上帝的灵也临到他身上；他一面走，一面受感动而发神言狂，直到他抵达了拉玛的拿约。24到了那里，他也就把衣服脱下来，也就在撒母耳面前受感动而发神言狂；那一整天一整夜他赤身裸体躺着。因此有句话说∶「扫罗也在神言人中间么？」
ESV
8 And there was war again. And David went out and fought with the Philistines and struck them with a great blow, so that they fled before him. 9 Then a harmful spirit from the Lord came upon Saul, as he sat in his house with his spear in his hand. And David was playing the lyre. 10 And Saul sought to pin David to the wall with the spear, but he eluded Saul, so that he struck the spear into the wall. And David fled and escaped that night.
11 Saul sent messengers to David’s house to watch him, that he might kill him in the morning. But Michal, David’s wife, told him, “If you do not escape with your life tonight, tomorrow you will be killed.” 12 So Michal let David down through the window, and he fled away and escaped. 13 Michal took an image and laid it on the bed and put a pillow of goats’ hair at its head and covered it with the clothes. 14 And when Saul sent messengers to take David, she said, “He is sick.” 15 Then Saul sent the messengers to see David, saying, “Bring him up to me in the bed, that I may kill him.” 16 And when the messengers came in, behold, the image was in the bed, with the pillow of goats’ hair at its head. 17 Saul said to Michal, “Why have you deceived me thus and let my enemy go, so that he has escaped?” And Michal answered Saul, “He said to me, ‘Let me go. Why should I kill you?’”
18 Now David fled and escaped, and he came to Samuel at Ramah and told him all that Saul had done to him. And he and Samuel went and lived at Naioth. 19 And it was told Saul, “Behold, David is at Naioth in Ramah.” 20 Then Saul sent messengers to take David, and when they saw the company of the prophets prophesying, and Samuel standing as head over them, the Spirit of God came upon the messengers of Saul, and they also prophesied. 21 When it was told Saul, he sent other messengers, and they also prophesied. And Saul sent messengers again the third time, and they also prophesied. 22 Then he himself went to Ramah and came to the great well that is in Secu. And he asked, “Where are Samuel and David?” And one said, “Behold, they are at Naioth in Ramah.” 23 And he went there to Naioth in Ramah. And the Spirit of God came upon him also, and as he went he prophesied until he came to Naioth in Ramah. 24 And he too stripped off his clothes, and he too prophesied before Samuel and lay naked all that day and all that night. Thus it is said, “Is Saul also among the prophets?”
MSG
8War broke out again and David went out to fight Philistines. He beat them badly, and they ran for their lives. 9But then a black mood from God settled over Saul and took control of him. He was sitting at home, his spear in his hand, while David was playing music. 10Suddenly, Saul tried to skewer David with his spear, but David ducked. The spear stuck in the wall and David got away. It was night.
11Saul sent men to David's house to stake it out and then, first thing in the morning, to kill him. But Michal, David's wife, told him what was going on. "Quickly now - make your escape tonight. If not, you'll be dead by morning!" 12She let him out of a window, and he made his escape. 13Then Michal took a dummy god and put it in the bed, placed a wig of goat's hair on its head, and threw a quilt over it. 14When Saul's men arrived to get David, she said, "He's sick in bed." 15Saul sent his men back, ordering them, "Bring him, bed and all, so I can kill him." 16When the men entered the room, all they found in the bed was the dummy god with its goat-hair wig! 17Saul stormed at Michal: "How could you play tricks on me like this? You sided with my enemy, and now he's gotten away!" Michal said, "He threatened me. He said, 'Help me out of here or I'll kill you.'"
18David made good his escape and went to Samuel at Ramah and told him everything Saul had done to him. Then he and Samuel withdrew to the privacy of Naioth. 19Saul was told, "David's at Naioth in Ramah." 20He immediately sent his men to capture him. They saw a band of prophets prophesying with Samuel presiding over them. Before they knew it, the Spirit of God was on them, too, and they were ranting and raving right along with the prophets! 21That was reported back to Saul, and he dispatched more men. They, too, were soon prophesying. So Saul tried a third time - a third set of men - and they ended up mindlessly raving as well!
22Fed up, Saul went to Ramah himself. He came to the big cistern at Secu and inquired, "Where are Samuel and David?" A bystander said, "Over at Naioth in Ramah."
23As he headed out for Naioth in Ramah, the Spirit of God was on him, too. All the way to Naioth he was caught up in a babbling trance!
24He ripped off his clothes and lay there rambling gibberish before Samuel for a day and a night, stretched out naked. People are still talking about it: "Saul among the prophets! Who would have guessed?"
破冰 ﹕
• 自己有没有向神发过誓？如果有，对所发的誓是不是一直遵守？如果没有，为什么不遵守？
• 当你回想自己多次想做的一些事情时，那是些什么事？是讨神喜悦的事吗？
• 自己会不会想将一些事隐藏不让神看见？如果自己有属灵伙伴，是不是也会隐藏而不让人知？
• “要被圣灵充满”这个命令在你的生活上有些什么作用？你怎么认知自己不在撒旦的掌控中？
分段 ﹕
• 扫罗第一次用枪想刺死大卫(撒上19:8-10)
• 扫罗第二次派使者要杀大卫于床上(撒上19:11-17)
• 扫罗第三次亲自到拉玛去杀大卫(撒上19:18-24)
观察、解释、应用 ﹕
扫罗第一次用枪想刺死大卫(撒上19:8-10)
8此后又有战争，大卫出去与非利士人打仗。他大大击败他们，他们就在他面前逃跑。9从耶和华来的邪灵又降在扫罗身上，扫罗手里拿枪坐在屋里，大卫正用手弹琴。10扫罗想要用枪刺透大卫，把他钉在墙上，他却躲开扫罗，扫罗的枪刺入墙内。当夜大卫逃走，躲起来了。
这一章前面第6节扫罗才指着永生的耶和华起誓：“我绝不杀他。” 不杀大卫而让大卫继续伺立在他面前的。曾几何时，扫罗竟然违背了自己向神立的誓言！一而再，再而三的设法把大卫杀死！
这一段的开始述说了大卫继续在与非利士人打仗上立功，大大的打败他们，使得他们在他面前崩溃逃跑躲避，有神的灵经常与大卫同行同在，让他无战不胜而成为以色列百姓甘心乐意的支持者！他的名声越来越大！反过来说，扫罗却再度的被邪灵控制充满！他第一次被邪灵充满是在 上一章 (撒上18:10)那里，那次他就用枪想把大卫刺死，和这次一模一样。一次的教训不知道认罪悔改求神赦免，而重复的去进行失败的行动，这是神所不喜悦的作为！
而大卫却是每次都在为扫罗弹琴、作一个主所使用又良善又忠心的仆人。每次都让扫罗被鬼骚扰的动乱不安能够得到一些舒缓。扫罗再度要刺他时，神又保守大卫让他又一次没被刺到，而当天晚上可以安全的逃跑，躲藏起来了。
思考：自己有没有下面这些经验？恩将仇报？说话不算话？一而再、再而三的做不讨神喜悦的事？回想最近有没有一些神不喜悦的思想或行为，如果有请认真地彻底认罪悔改，与神和好。你认为一个在上的领袖怎么能够建立威信？从扫罗的身上学习到一些什么警惕？
应用： 想一想自己有没有应该回报别人的所赐而尚未进行的事件，请在短期内做积极的回报。如果自己最近有平顺值得感恩的事件，先好好向神感谢，然后与别人分享。从大卫的逆来顺受、尊主为大可以学习继续不断操练自己信心的功课、不自己作决定而经常带到主面前，等候主的指引。
扫罗第二次派使者要杀大卫于床上(撒上19:11-17)
11扫罗派一些使者到大卫的房屋那里守着他，等到天亮要杀他。大卫的妻子米甲对大卫说：“你今夜若不逃命，明日就要被杀。”12于是米甲将大卫从窗户缒下去，让他走；大卫就逃走，躲起来了。13米甲把家中的神像放在床上，头枕在山羊毛的枕头上，用衣服盖起来。14扫罗派一些使者去捉拿大卫，米甲说：“他病了。”15扫罗又派一些使者去看大卫，说：“把他连床一起抬到我这里，我好杀他。”16使者进去，看哪，神像在床上，头枕在山羊毛的枕头上。17扫罗对米甲说：“你为什么这样欺骗我，放我仇敌逃走呢？”米甲对扫罗说：“他对我说：‘你放我走吧，我何必要杀你呢？’”
扫罗第一次要杀大卫 失败后并不甘心。第二次他派了一队刺客到大卫所住的地方去包围，准备藉着人多以及在大卫沉睡没有一丝警觉性的状况下而把大卫杀了。不过扫罗没有想到他自己亲生的女儿米甲却成为大卫的救命恩人！
这次扫罗的计划是要等到隔一天早上天亮的时候才杀大卫。米甲知道后马上就警告大卫说：“你今夜若不逃命，明日就要被杀。” 也就是说米甲给她丈夫大卫足够的时间计划思考怎么能够顺利地逃脱这次的危机。接着米甲又想出办法帮助大卫悄悄的离开他们所住的地方而不被扫罗发现。她竟然想出从窗口用牢固的粗绳子让大卫缒下去逃走！这是一个巧妙不为人知的好办法！让大卫再一次逃脱了扫罗的杀机。这段时期是米甲与大卫夫妻两人相亲相爱有良好关系的一段时期，但这并不是长远永久相爱的关系！后来她也有轻视大卫的表现而不再与大卫有良好的关系。 (参撒下6:14-22)
此外米甲又把家里面的一座神像放到大卫的床上、有头有脸，并且用衣服遮盖看起来真像是一个人睡在床上而不容易被发现是伪装的。第二天扫罗差遣的一些人来捉大卫的时候，米甲告诉他们大卫生病了，他们就回去告诉扫罗。扫罗又差遣一批人去，准备这次连人与床一起搬回扫罗那边。这次发现床上的人不是大卫而是一座神像，所以扫罗向米甲生气说：“你为什么这样欺骗我，放我仇敌逃走呢？” 米甲骗扫罗说如果她不让大卫离开，大卫就会杀她，所以她才不得以一定要让大卫走。不过这也是米甲为了救自己而想出的办法。
思考：米甲虽然是扫罗的亲生女儿，却不接受扫罗违背神心意的计谋。自己对亲人是不是一切都按照神的旨意绝不违背？很显然神也藉着米甲赐给大卫一个安全却不为人知的巧妙方法逃脱扫罗第二次的杀害！如果你已经结婚，你对夫妻相爱的表达有些什么好的认识？又有些什么不好的回忆？
应用： 想一想自己有没有应该回报别人的所赐而尚未进行的事件，请在短期内做积极的回报。如果自己最近有平顺值得感恩的事件，先好好向神感谢，然后与别人分享。
扫罗第三次亲自到拉玛想杀大卫(撒上19:18-24)
18大卫逃跑躲避，来到拉玛的撒母耳那里，把扫罗向他所行的事全告诉他。他和撒母耳就去，住在拿约。19有人告诉扫罗说：“看哪，大卫在拉玛的拿约”。20扫罗派一些使者去捉拿大卫。去的人见一队先知受感说话，撒母耳站在当中领导他们，扫罗派去的使者也受神的灵感动说话。21有人把这事告诉扫罗，他又派另一些使者去，他们也受感说话。扫罗第三次派使者去，他们也受感说话。22然后扫罗亲自往拉玛去，到了西沽的大井，问人说：“撒母耳和大卫在哪里？”有人说：“看哪，在拉玛的拿约。”23他就往那里去，到了拉玛的拿约。神的灵也临到他，他一面走一面受感说话，直到拉玛的拿约。24他也脱了衣服，也在撒母耳面前受感说话，一日一夜赤身躺卧。因此有人说：“扫罗也在先知中吗？”
在這第三段經文中，是扫罗第三次自己亲自到拉玛，撒母耳的家乡那里去想杀死大卫。很有趣的是在这段经文中扫罗又用了三次派遣使者们去捉拿大卫！
大卫为了躲避扫罗而逃跑到撒母耳的老家拉玛那里去了。显然地大卫非常尊敬祭司撒母耳而想藉着他得到神特别的护佑。大卫把扫罗从头到尾一直想要追杀他的前因后果都告诉了撒母耳。后来当大卫脱离了扫罗的追杀时，赞美神说：“耶和华是我的岩石、我的山寨、我的救主、我的神、我的磐石、我所投靠的。他是我的盾牌，是拯救我的角，是我的碉堡，是我的避难所，是我的救主，救我脱离凶暴的。”(撒下22:2-3)
扫罗也应当清楚知道撒母耳是神所重用的仆人，而重新考虑一下自己追杀大卫这件不讨神喜悦的作为是不是该暂时停一停。但是他没有，而是继续彰显他万分嫉妒大卫的怒气。拿约有居所的意思，大概指平静安稳居住的地方。大卫这时候实在需要一个平静安稳的地方好好的休息休息，却得不到。
当有人告诉扫罗大卫在拉玛的拿约时，扫罗就派第一批人马去拿约捉拿大卫。这时候第一个神迹就出现了。这批人马在途中就遇到一队先知们受灵的感动而说起预言来，有撒母耳作带领人。扫罗所差派去的这些人竟然也受灵的感动也说起预言了。这是第一次的说预言！
扫罗这时应该得到神的启示，不要继续去追杀大卫才对。但是他没有，他又差遣第二对人马去追杀大卫。但是同样的这些第二批去的人们也受灵的感动而说起预言了。是不是扫罗这次认知事态的严重而不追杀大卫了呢？
没有，扫罗又第三次差遣使者们去追杀大卫！结果又完全一样，这些第三批去的人们也受灵的感动而说起预言了！
扫罗就是到了这么明显神继续不断阻拦他想杀大卫的这个念头，他还是极端地偏行己路、一意的孤行！自己亲自往拉玛去！这次他自己亲自去的结果还是一样，就是扫罗也受神的灵大大的感动而说起预言！不过扫罗却是完完全全脱光了衣服而赤身露体地显露了自己的丑恶！他自己是一国之君，竟然好像喝醉了酒一样地发狂！因此有人说“扫罗也在先知中吗？”这是一个讽刺的问话！
思考：扫罗竟然那么的盲目，一而再、再而三地不顺从神的作为而偏行己见，自己是不是也有十分固执的经验，认为自己是对的而没有放下自己？重新回到神的面前求神指引？
应用： 如果没有禁食祷告的经验，请试着一餐禁食祷告与神有亲密的互动。试试看藉着深入的读经祷告灵修，让圣灵大大地满溢！用诗章、颂词、灵歌、彼此教导、互相劝戒、心被恩感、歌颂神！。