撒母耳記上13章23-14章23節
撒母耳記上13章23-14章23節: 講義(龍漢泉弟兄)
以色列人打敗非利士人
I. 約拿單攻擊非利士人（13:23-14:15）
13:23 非利士人的一隊防兵到了密抹的隘口。
14:1 有一日，掃羅的兒子約拿單對拿他兵器的少年人說：「我們不如過到那邊，到非利士人的防營那裏去。」但他沒有告訴父親。
14:2 掃羅在基比亞的儘邊，坐在米磯崙的石榴樹下，跟隨他的約有六百人。
14:3 在那裏有亞希突的兒子亞希亞，穿着以弗得。（亞希突是以迦博的哥哥，非尼哈的兒子，以利的孫子。以利從前在示羅作耶和華的祭司。）約拿單去了，百姓卻不知道。
14:4 約拿單要從隘口過到非利士防營那裏去。這隘口兩邊各有一個山峰：一名播薛，一名西尼；
14:5 一峰向北，與密抹相對，一峰向南，與迦巴相對。
14:6 約拿單對拿兵器的少年人說：「我們不如過到未受割禮人的防營那裏去，或者耶和華為我們施展能力；因為耶和華使人得勝，不在乎人多人少。」
14:7 拿兵器的對他說：「隨你的心意行吧。你可以上去，我必跟隨你，與你同心。」
14:8 約拿單說：「我們要過到那些人那裏去，使他們看見我們。
14:9 他們若對我們說：『你們站住，等我們到你們那裏去』，我們就站住，不上他們那裏去。
14:10 他們若說：『你們上到我們這裏來』，這話就是我們的證據；我們便上去，因為耶和華將他們交在我們手裏了。」
14:11 二人就使非利士的防兵看見。非利士人說：「希伯來人從所藏的洞穴裏出來了！」
14:12 防兵對約拿單和拿兵器的人說：「你們上到這裏來，我們有一件事指示你們。」約拿單就對拿兵器的人說：「你跟隨我上去，因為耶和華將他們交在以色列人手裏了。」
14:13 約拿單就爬上去，拿兵器的人跟隨他。約拿單殺倒非利士人，拿兵器的人也隨着殺他們。
14:14 約拿單和拿兵器的人起頭所殺的約有二十人，都在一畝地的半犁溝之內。
14:15 於是在營中、在田野、在眾民內都有戰兢，防兵和掠兵也都戰兢，地也震動，戰兢之勢甚大。
13:23『非利士人的一隊防兵到了密抹的隘口』
密抹的隘口是從北面通往耶路撒冷之路上。這峽谷將密抹與基比亞、迦巴和以色列營分隔開來。除了連接基比亞與迦巴的渡口以外，無路通往密抹。
在13章時我們看見以色列人與非利士人在密抹與迦巴發生戰役。最先以色列人佔據密抹，非利士人佔據迦巴，但後來卻反過來，變成以色列人佔據迦巴，非利士人佔據密抹。
a. 撒上13:1-2 掃羅登基的第二年，他領了二千人駐守在密抹和伯特利山，他的兒子約拿單帶領一千人駐守基比亞。
b. 撒上13:3-4 約拿單攻擊迦巴非利士人的防營，掃羅也召集人去攻打。
c. 撒上13:4 約拿單攻取了迦巴，但掃羅可能戰敗，從伯特利山和密抹退守到吉甲。
d. 撒上13:5-7 非利士人又增加兵力到密抹，很多以色列人都逃過約但河，到迦得和基列去躲避，掃羅原有的二千人只餘下六百人（3:15）。
e. 撒上13:15-16 掃羅與撒母耳從吉甲回到基比亞，又去和約拿單在迦巴安營。他可能常在兩地之間來往。（參14:2）
f. 撒上13:17-18 非利士人在密抹安營，派了三隊掠兵出去。
14:1,4『過到那邊…從隘口過到非利士防營那裏去』 在密抹和迦巴之間有一峽谷（隘口）。約拿單想要渡過峽谷攻打非利士人。
4-5『這隘口兩邊各有一個山峰：一名播薛，一名西尼；一峰向北，與密抹相對，一峰向南，與迦巴相對。』 參末頁地圖。約拿單要翻過西尼爬上播薛去。山峰原文為峭壁（rocky crag/cliff），易守難攻。雙方各據一邊，互相對峙。按常理說從峽谷往上爬上峭壁，進攻對方，幾乎是一件不可能的事。可是約拿單卻這樣做了，因為他對神有信心。
2『掃羅在基比亞的儘邊，坐在米磯崙的石榴樹下』 與3:15-16一起看，可見掃羅乃是在基比亞與迦巴之間走動。米磯崙的位置不能確定。可能只是基比亞城邊緣的一棵樹名。
『跟隨他的約有六百人』 在迦巴之戰中（13:3-4）掃羅可能戰敗了，許多人逃到迦得和基列去，結果只剩下600人跟隨他。
3『在那裏有亞希突的兒子亞希亞，穿着以弗得』
亞希突是以迦博的哥哥，非尼哈的兒子，以利的孫子。撒母耳就是以利訓練出來的。參4:19-21以利的兒婦、非尼哈的妻懷孕將到產期，她聽見神的約櫃被擄去，公公和丈夫都死了，就猛然疼痛，曲身生產；將要死的時候，旁邊站着的婦人們對她說：「不要怕！你生了男孩子了。」她卻不回答，也不放在心上。她給孩子起名叫以迦博，說：「榮耀離開以色列了！」這是因神的約櫃被擄去，又因她公公和丈夫都死了。以弗得為祭司禮服的一部分，藏有烏陵和土明的決斷胸牌貼在以弗得上（出28:28-30）。『穿着以弗得』表明當時亞希亞是祭司，可能是撒母耳指派的。參2:36 你家所剩下的人都必來叩拜他，求塊銀子，求個餅，說：求你賜我祭司的職分，好叫我得點餅吃。
3『約拿單去了，百姓卻不知道』
本來有1000人跟隨約拿單（13:2），經過迦巴之戰後，應該還有幾百人跟隨他。然而這一次約拿單可能想要偷襲非利士人，因此只帶了一個拿兵器的少年人。從後面他的表現來看，他應該是有神的感動才做出這樣的決定。
6『未受割禮人的防營』
割禮是神與亞伯拉罕所立之約。後來更是定為律法的規條。因此以色列人非常以此為豪，認為只有他們才是神的子民，常常稱呼非以色列人為未受割禮之人，乃是神所唾棄之人。這裡就是指非利士人。
『或者（perhaps）耶和華為我們施展能力；因為耶和華使人得勝，不在乎人多人少』 約拿單雖有感動，但不確定神是否會幫助他（perhaps the LORD will work for us），所以有後面的印證方法（10）。但他深信神能夠施行拯救（得勝save），而且不受人數限制（nothing can hinder the LORD from saving by many or by few）。換句話說，神不是藉著人的方法行事，他也不受人的想法或是做法所限制。從聖經以及歷世歷代信徒的經歷，我們可以看到神的作為常常是出人意外的奇妙。因此雖然約拿單只有兩個人，但神若幫助他們，就沒有任何人可以攔阻他的作為。後續的發展也證明了這件事。同樣的，今天基督徒/教會就是屬靈的以色列人。神若幫助我們也不需要藉著人的方法行事，他也不受人的想法或是做法所限制。我們只要單純的依靠他，順服他，就必看見他奇妙的作為。
7『你可以上去，我必跟隨你，與你同心 (I am with you heart and soul)』 約拿單並不是那種萬人敵的勇士，他需要有同伴與他一起作戰。而這位拿兵器的少年人正是他所需要的，可以與他同心對抗敵人。我們今天也是如此。我們的仇敵不是任何人，而是魔鬼，是天空屬靈氣的惡魔（弗6:12因我們並不是與屬血氣的爭戰，乃是與那些執政的、掌權的、管轄這幽暗世界的，以及天空屬靈氣的惡魔爭戰。）因此我們需要有同心的戰友，就是教會的弟兄姐妹，一起對抗魔鬼。若是不能同心，就變成了單兵作戰，結果就是被各個攻破。
10『他們若說：「你們上到我們這裏來」，這話就是我們的證據』 約拿單為什麼這麼有把握說這就是神給他的證據，確信『12耶和華將他們交在以色列人手裏』，我們不清楚。在雙方交戰的情況下，非利士人不可能讓他們爬上峭壁接近自己。因此，約拿單用這種反常的情況作為神幫助他們的證據。根據後面的記載我們可以有把握地說，這是神超自然的作為，透過聖靈的感動，使他有這樣的確信。今天聖經裡面有許多神給我們的應許。只要我們有信心抓住這些應許，這些話語就成為我們的證據。神必定會按著他的話語來成就他的應許。
11『希伯來人從所藏的洞穴裏出來了』 從這句話可以看出來非利士人對於以色列人的藐視，這也反面證明了以色列人當時的處境，他們是何等的懼怕非利士人（參13:6以色列百姓見自己危急窘迫，就藏在山洞、叢林、石穴、隱密處，和坑中。）雖然非利士人剛剛才吃了一個敗仗，被拿約拿單搶走了迦巴營地，但是他們也把密抹奪了過去。所以他們並不認為以色列人有什麼了不起，完全沒有把約拿單和他的同伴放在眼裡。
12『你跟隨我上去』 這證明約拿單是以身作則的領導者，就像牧人走在羊群前面一樣。他先面對危險，才要求屬下跟著一起面對危險。我們今天在教會中有這樣的屬靈領袖嗎？
13『約拿單就爬上去…約拿單殺倒非利士人』 約拿單需要爬上播薛峭壁，才能進到非利士人的防線裡面。在這個過程當中，顯然非利士防兵沒有阻止他們。他們本著一貫的藐視態度，認為約拿單他們只有兩個人又能夠做什麼。但他們沒有想到約拿單所倚仗的並不是人力，而是萬軍之耶和華，正如他之前所說的『因為耶和華使人得勝，不在乎人多人少』。結果兩個人就將20個非利士兵殺倒（14），並且造成了極大的連鎖反應（15）。
約拿單對於神的態度正是我們今天所需要的。我們的仇敵魔鬼，不但勇猛像獅子，遍地尋找可吞吃的人（彼前5:8）；他也能化裝成光明的天使，欺騙誘惑弟兄姐妹，特別是那些信心軟弱，對真理認識不清的人（林後11:14）。兇猛的敵人我們看得很清楚，但是化妝的天使卻是最難防備。若是對真理認識不清，就很容易被欺騙，偏離了正道，還以為是事奉神。正如保羅所說的，以色列人向神有熱心，但不是按著真知識。因此我們靠著自己與魔鬼爭戰，必定失敗。唯有憑著信心仰望我們的元帥主耶穌基督，順從他的命令，跟隨他的帶領，才能夠戰勝仇敵。
14『一畝地的半犁溝（half a furrow in an acre of land）』 約半英畝，或2000平方米。
15『在營中、在田野、在眾民內都有戰兢，防兵和掠兵也都戰兢，地也震動』 兩個人竟然引起了這麼大的反應，甚至連地也震動，可以證明這真是神的作為。我們的神是無所不能的神，只要他幫助我們，就沒有什麼能抵擋我們的。聖經裡面有太多這樣的例子。然而我們對神還是常常缺乏信心，碰到什麼問題還是想靠自己來解決。一旦解決不了，就陷入悲觀沮喪的情緒當中，這真是一件非常可惜的事情。
複習前一章裡面以色列人與非利士人在密抹與迦巴之間的攻防戰。
13章中說掃羅在哪裡？現在呢？為什麼？
未受割禮人是誰？為什麼這樣稱呼他們？
約拿單的信心大嗎？從哪裡可以看出來？
聖經裡面有哪些應許，可否列舉一二？我相信這些應許嗎？有什麼證據？
以色列人當時的處境如何？從何得知？非利士人對他們的態度如何？
我們今天的仇敵是誰？他有什麼可怕之處？
我們要怎樣才能打敗他？試從神與人兩方面來討論。
我相信神是無所不能的嗎？為什麼我還是缺少信心呢？
我碰到問題的時候是先靠自己來解決，還是先帶到神面前？
II. 以色列人擊敗非利士人（16-23）
14:16 在便雅憫的基比亞，掃羅的守望兵看見非利士的軍眾潰散，四圍亂竄。
14:17 掃羅就對跟隨他的民說：「你們查點查點，看從我們這裏出去的是誰？」他們一查點，就知道約拿單和拿兵器的人沒有在這裏。
14:18 那時神的約櫃在以色列人那裏。掃羅對亞希亞說：「你將神的約櫃運了來。」
14:19 掃羅正與祭司說話的時候，非利士營中的喧嚷越發大了；掃羅就對祭司說：「停手吧！」
14:20 掃羅和跟隨他的人都聚集，來到戰場，看見非利士人用刀互相擊殺，大大惶亂。
14:21 從前由四方來跟隨非利士軍的希伯來人現在也轉過來，幫助跟隨掃羅和約拿單的以色列人了。
14:22 那藏在以法蓮山地的以色列人聽說非利士人逃跑，就出來緊緊地追殺他們。
14:23 那日，耶和華使以色列人得勝，一直戰到伯亞文。
16『在便雅憫的基比亞』
基比亞是掃羅的家鄉，也是當時以色列人的大本營。迦巴則是與非利士軍隊接壤的最前線，距離基比亞約5公里左右，因此掃羅需要在兩地之間來回走動。
『看見非利士的軍眾潰散，四圍亂竄』
密抹與迦巴隔隘口相望。約拿單造成的動靜是如此的大，還伴隨著地震，以至於非利士人潰散，四圍亂竄，甚至幾公里外的基比亞都可以看見。
18『你將神的約櫃運了來』
掃羅大概想效法當年以色列人的做法，以為將約櫃抬到戰場中就可以得到神的幫助（參4:3我們不如將耶和華的約櫃從示羅抬到我們這裏來，好在我們中間救我們脫離敵人的手。）他們不知道約櫃只是神同在的記號，並不是神本身。如果人悖逆不聽神的話，也不悔改，那不論利用什麼東西。都不會有神的同在。這就是當年以色列人所犯的錯誤。
另外有人認為『約櫃』在七十士譯本作『以弗得』，而約櫃一直停放在基列耶琳（7:1-2），到大衛王時才運到耶路撒冷（撒下6:1-5）。由於前文沒有提及約櫃，所以七十士譯本可能比較正確。大概掃羅想要藉以弗得上面的烏陵土明求問神，他們應否出戰。後面掃羅的吩咐『停手吧』，似乎也支持這是『以弗得』，而祭司正在用烏陵土明求問中。
19『停手吧』
當時的情況顯示非利士人已經陷入混亂之中，營中的喧嚷越來越大。掃羅雖然不知道怎麼回事，但他認為已經不再需要將約櫃運來（或不再需要用烏陵土明求問），就停止了這個行動。然而從他的反應當中我們似乎也可以看出來，他對於約櫃（或烏陵土明）的態度就好像是阿拉丁神燈裡面的精靈一樣。覺得需要的時候就拿出來用一用，不需要的時候就放在一邊，並不在乎神的旨意是什麼。
20『看見非利士人用刀互相擊殺，大大惶亂』
也許我們會奇怪，約拿單只有兩個人，怎麼會造成這麼大的慌亂？但這裡讓我們看見，是神使非利士人心中驚惶，甚至神智失常，將身邊的人都當成了敵人，以至於他們『用刀互相擊殺，大大惶亂』。可見神的智慧和能力，甚至不需要軍隊，就可以打敗敵人。
21『從前由四方來跟隨非利士軍的希伯來人』
這些希伯來人應該是從前非利士人所脅迫或戰敗而投降的以色列人。他們現在被非利士人驅使，要來跟自己的同胞以色列人作戰，就像我們中國以前的以夷制夷的做法。我們可以想像當兩方的以色列人面對面的時候，他們的心情是何等的矛盾：他們是要打呢，還是不打？非利士人可以讓這些以色列人在前面衝鋒，而 他們躲在後面收拾殘局；他們也可以要這些以色列人做後勤的工作，運送糧草輜重。如此也可看見當時以色列人面對非利士人的光景，是如何的艱難。
我們也可以思想一下，如果今天有仇敵逼迫我們，威脅我們，我們是不是也會像這些希伯來人一樣？當年國內逼迫基督徒的時候，有許多教會裡面的信徒都成為了仇敵的工具，殘害了許多的弟兄姊妹。這些都是我們的鑑戒。希伯來書11章談到信心的偉人的時候，特別提到被逼迫的信徒們的表現。作者稱這些人如同雲彩圍繞著我們，是我們的榜樣。在這個末世的時代當中我們要有準備，當艱難困苦的環境臨到的時候，我要做哪一種選擇呢？
『現在也轉過來，幫助跟隨掃羅和約拿單的以色列人』
從前面的記載當中我們可以判斷，神智失常的應該只是非利士人，這些跟隨他們的以色列人應該沒有受到影響。他們現在看到這件奇妙的神蹟，自然就翻轉過來，去幫助自己的同胞。
22『那藏在以法蓮山地的以色列人』
以法蓮山地在便雅憫地業的西北方，靠近非利士地。這些人顯然也受到非利士人的壓迫，不敢拋頭露面，只能藏在山裡頭（參3:16）。另參11節希伯來人從所藏的洞穴裏出來了。從這裡越發可以看出，當時以色列人被非利士人欺壓的慘狀。
23『耶和華使以色列人得勝，一直戰到（beyond）伯亞文』
這裡明文指出是神使以色列人得勝（saved）。伯亞文的真正地點不確定，可能在密抹西北方約7公里處，所以非利士人已經敗離了密抹與迦巴的地域了。以當時的軍力來講，以色列人是打不贏非利士人的。參13:22所以到了爭戰的日子，跟隨掃羅和約拿單的人沒有一個手裏有刀有槍的，惟獨掃羅和他兒子約拿單有。然而神拯救人不是靠著人手，也不是靠著武力。他藉著約拿單兩個人成就了大事。如果我們願意信靠神的話，神也可以為我們成就大事。
掃羅為什麼要將神的約櫃運來？他認為約櫃有什麼特別嗎？
約櫃真的可以幫助以色列人嗎？我們得幫助的源頭是什麼？
掃羅真的認為神是他的依靠嗎？如何得知？
約拿單造成了怎樣的混亂？他們只有兩個人，為什麼會造成這麼大的混亂？
那些跟隨非利士軍的希伯來人是什麼人？藏在以法蓮山地的呢？
以當時的軍力來講，以色列人可能戰勝非利士人嗎？為什麼？
神怎麼幫助以色列人？我今天也有信靠神、得蒙幫助的經歷嗎？
今天的查經對我有什麼幫助？我願意在未來一週做出什麼改變嗎？
13:23 非利士人的一隊防兵到了密抹的隘口。
14:1 有一日，掃羅的兒子約拿單對拿他兵器的少年人說：「我們不如過到那邊，到非利士人的防營那裏去。」但他沒有告訴父親。
14:2 掃羅在基比亞的儘邊，坐在米磯崙的石榴樹下，跟隨他的約有六百人。
14:3 在那裏有亞希突的兒子亞希亞，穿着以弗得。（亞希突是以迦博的哥哥，非尼哈的兒子，以利的孫子。以利從前在示羅作耶和華的祭司。）約拿單去了，百姓卻不知道。
14:4 約拿單要從隘口過到非利士防營那裏去。這隘口兩邊各有一個山峰：一名播薛，一名西尼；
14:5 一峰向北，與密抹相對，一峰向南，與迦巴相對。
14:6 約拿單對拿兵器的少年人說：「我們不如過到未受割禮人的防營那裏去，或者耶和華為我們施展能力；因為耶和華使人得勝，不在乎人多人少（Nothing can hinder the LORD from saving, whether by many or by few）。」
14:7 拿兵器的對他說：「隨你的心意行吧。你可以上去，我必跟隨你，與你同心（I am with you heart and soul）。」
14:8 約拿單說：「我們要過到那些人那裏去，使他們看見我們。
14:9 他們若對我們說：『你們站住，等我們到你們那裏去』，我們就站住，不上他們那裏去。
14:10 他們若說：『你們上到我們這裏來』，這話就是我們的證據；我們便上去，因為耶和華將他們交在我們手裏了。」
14:11 二人就使非利士的防兵看見。非利士人說：「希伯來人從所藏的洞穴裏出來了！」
14:12 防兵對約拿單和拿兵器的人說：「你們上到這裏來，我們有一件事指示你們。」約拿單就對拿兵器的人說：「你跟隨我上去，因為耶和華將他們交在以色列人手裏了。」
14:13 約拿單就爬上去（using his hands and feet），拿兵器的人跟隨他。約拿單殺倒非利士人，拿兵器的人也隨着殺他們。
14:14 約拿單和拿兵器的人起頭所殺的約有二十人，都在一畝地的半犁溝之內。
14:15 於是在營中、在田野、在眾民內都有戰兢，防兵和掠兵也都戰兢，地也震動，戰兢之勢甚大。
14:16 在便雅憫的基比亞，掃羅的守望兵看見非利士的軍眾潰散，四圍亂竄。
14:17 掃羅就對跟隨他的民說：「你們查點查點，看從我們這裏出去的是誰？」他們一查點，就知道約拿單和拿兵器的人沒有在這裏。
14:18 那時神的約櫃在以色列人那裏。掃羅對亞希亞說：「你將神的約櫃運了來。」
14:19 掃羅正與祭司說話的時候，非利士營中的喧嚷越發大了；掃羅就對祭司說：「停手吧！」
14:20 掃羅和跟隨他的人都聚集，來到戰場，看見非利士人用刀互相擊殺，大大惶亂。
14:21 從前由四方來跟隨非利士軍的希伯來人現在也轉過來，幫助跟隨掃羅和約拿單的以色列人了。
14:22 那藏在以法蓮山地的以色列人聽說非利士人逃跑，就出來緊緊地追殺他們。
14:23 那日，耶和華使以色列人得勝，一直戰到伯亞文。
NIV
3:23 Now a detachment of Philistines had gone out to the pass at Mikmash.
14:1 One day Jonathan son of Saul said to his young armor-bearer, “Come, let’s go over to the Philistine outpost on the other side.” But he did not tell his father.2 Saul was staying on the outskirts of Gibeah under a pomegranate tree in Migron. With him were about six hundred men,3 among whom was Ahijah, who was wearing an ephod. He was a son of Ichabod’s brother Ahitub son of Phinehas, the son of Eli, the LORD’s priest in Shiloh. No one was aware that Jonathan had left.4 On each side of the pass that Jonathan intended to cross to reach the Philistine outpost was a cliff; one was called Bozez and the other Seneh.5 One cliff stood to the north toward Mikmash, the other to the south toward Geba.6 Jonathan said to his young armor-bearer, “Come, let’s go over to the outpost of those uncircumcised men. Perhaps the LORD will act in our behalf. Nothing can hinder the LORD from saving, whether by many or by few.”7 “Do all that you have in mind,” his armor-bearer said. “Go ahead; I am with you heart and soul.”8 Jonathan said, “Come on, then; we will cross over toward them and let them see us.9 If they say to us, ‘Wait there until we come to you,’ we will stay where we are and not go up to them.10 But if they say, ‘Come up to us,’ we will climb up, because that will be our sign that the LORD has given them into our hands.”11 So both of them showed themselves to the Philistine outpost. “Look!” said the Philistines. “The Hebrews are crawling out of the holes they were hiding in.”12 The men of the outpost shouted to Jonathan and his armor-bearer, “Come up to us and we’ll teach you a lesson.” So Jonathan said to his armor-bearer, “Climb up after me; the LORD has given them into the hand of Israel.”13 Jonathan climbed up, using his hands and feet, with his armor-bearer right behind him. The Philistines fell before Jonathan, and his armor-bearer followed and killed behind him.14 In that first attack Jonathan and his armor-bearer killed some twenty men in an area of about half an acre.15 Then panic struck the whole army—those in the camp and field, and those in the outposts and raiding parties—and the ground shook. It was a panic sent by God.[a]16 Saul’s lookouts at Gibeah in Benjamin saw the army melting away in all directions.17 Then Saul said to the men who were with him, “Muster the forces and see who has left us.” When they did, it was Jonathan and his armor-bearer who were not there.18 Saul said to Ahijah, “Bring the ark of God.” (At that time it was with the Israelites.)[b]19 While Saul was talking to the priest, the tumult in the Philistine camp increased more and more. So Saul said to the priest, “Withdraw your hand.”20 Then Saul and all his men assembled and went to the battle. They found the Philistines in total confusion, striking each other with their swords.21 Those Hebrews who had previously been with the Philistines and had gone up with them to their camp went over to the Israelites who were with Saul and Jonathan.22 When all the Israelites who had hidden in the hill country of Ephraim heard that the Philistines were on the run, they joined the battle in hot pursuit.23 So on that day the LORD saved Israel, and the battle moved on beyond Beth Aven.
Footnotes
a. 1 Samuel 14:15 Or a terrible panic
b. 1 Samuel 14:18 Hebrew; Septuagint “Bring the ephod.” (At that time he wore the ephod before the Israelites.)
ESV
13:23 And the garrison of the Philistines went out to the pass of Michmash. 14:1 One day Jonathan the son of Saul said to the young man who carried his armor, “Come, let us go over to the Philistine garrison on the other side.” But he did not tell his father. 2 Saul was staying in the outskirts of Gibeah in the pomegranate cave[a] at Migron. The people who were with him were about six hundred men, 3 including Ahijah the son of Ahitub, Ichabod's brother, son of Phinehas, son of Eli, the priest of the LORD in Shiloh, wearing an ephod. And the people did not know that Jonathan had gone. 4 Within the passes, by which Jonathan sought to go over to the Philistine garrison, there was a rocky crag on the one side and a rocky crag on the other side. The name of the one was Bozez, and the name of the other Seneh. 5 The one crag rose on the north in front of Michmash, and the other on the south in front of Geba. 6 Jonathan said to the young man who carried his armor, “Come, let us go over to the garrison of these uncircumcised. It may be that the LORD will work for us, for nothing can hinder the LORD from saving by many or by few.” 7 And his armor-bearer said to him, “Do all that is in your heart. Do as you wish.[b] Behold, I am with you heart and soul.” 8 Then Jonathan said, “Behold, we will cross over to the men, and we will show ourselves to them. 9 If they say to us, ‘Wait until we come to you,’ then we will stand still in our place, and we will not go up to them. 10 But if they say, ‘Come up to us,’ then we will go up, for the LORD has given them into our hand. And this shall be the sign to us.” 11 So both of them showed themselves to the garrison of the Philistines. And the Philistines said, “Look, Hebrews are coming out of the holes where they have hidden themselves.” 12 And the men of the garrison hailed Jonathan and his armor-bearer and said, “Come up to us, and we will show you a thing.” And Jonathan said to his armor-bearer, “Come up after me, for the LORD has given them into the hand of Israel.” 13 Then Jonathan climbed up on his hands and feet, and his armor-bearer after him. And they fell before Jonathan, and his armor-bearer killed them after him. 14 And that first strike, which Jonathan and his armor-bearer made, killed about twenty men within as it were half a furrow's length in an acre[c] of land. 15 And there was a panic in the camp, in the field, and among all the people. The garrison and even the raiders trembled, the earth quaked, and it became a very great panic.[d] 16 And the watchmen of Saul in Gibeah of Benjamin looked, and behold, the multitude was dispersing here and there.[e] 17 Then Saul said to the people who were with him, “Count and see who has gone from us.” And when they had counted, behold, Jonathan and his armor-bearer were not there. 18 So Saul said to Ahijah, “Bring the ark of God here.” For the ark of God went at that time with the people[f] of Israel. 19 Now while Saul was talking to the priest, the tumult in the camp of the Philistines increased more and more. So Saul said to the priest, “Withdraw your hand.” 20 Then Saul and all the people who were with him rallied and went into the battle. And behold, every Philistine's sword was against his fellow, and there was very great confusion. 21 Now the Hebrews who had been with the Philistines before that time and who had gone up with them into the camp, even they also turned to be with the Israelites who were with Saul and Jonathan. 22 Likewise, when all the men of Israel who had hidden themselves in the hill country of Ephraim heard that the Philistines were fleeing, they too followed hard after them in the battle. 23 So the LORD saved Israel that day. And the battle passed beyond Beth-aven.
Footnotes
a. 1 Samuel 14:2 Or under the pomegranate [tree]
b. 1 Samuel 14:7 Septuagint Do all that your mind inclines to
c. 1 Samuel 14:14 Hebrew a yoke
d. 1 Samuel 14:15 Or became a panic from God
e. 1 Samuel 14:16 Septuagint; Hebrew they went here and there
f. 1 Samuel 14:18 Hebrew; Septuagint “Bring the ephod.” For at that time he wore the ephod before the people
NASB
13:23 And the garrison of the Philistines went out to the gorge of Michmash.
14:1 Now the day came that Jonathan, the son of Saul, said to the young man who was carrying his armor, “Come, and let’s cross over to the Philistines’ garrison that is on the other side.” But he did not tell his father.2 Saul was staying on the outskirts of Gibeah under the pomegranate tree that is in Migron. And the people who were with him numbered about six hundred men;
3 and Ahijah, the son of Ahitub, Ichabod’s brother, the son of Phinehas, the son of Eli, the priest of the LORD at Shiloh, was [a]wearing an ephod. And the people did not know that Jonathan had gone.4 Now between the gorges by which Jonathan sought to cross over to the Philistines’ garrison there was a rocky crag on the one side, and a rocky crag on the other side; and the name of the one was Bozez, and the name of the other, Seneh. 5 The one crag rose on the north opposite Michmash, and the other on the south opposite Geba. 6 Then Jonathan said to the young man who was carrying his armor, “Come, and let’s cross over to the garrison of these uncircumcised men; perhaps the LORD will work for us, because the LORD is not limited to saving by many or by few!”
7 His armor bearer said to him, “Do everything that is in your heart; turn yourself to it, and here I am with you, as your heart desires.” 8 Then Jonathan said, “Behold, we are going to cross over to the men and reveal ourselves to them. 9 If they [b]say to us, ‘Wait until we come to you’; then we will stand in our place and not go up to them. 10 But if they [c]say, ‘Come up to us,’ then we will go up, for the LORD has handed them over to us; and this shall be the sign to us.” 11 When the two of them revealed themselves to the garrison of the Philistines, the Philistines said, “Behold, Hebrews are coming out of the holes where they have kept themselves hidden.” 12 So the men of the garrison responded to Jonathan and his armor bearer and said, “Come up to us and we will inform you of something.” And Jonathan said to his armor bearer, “Come up after me, for the LORD has handed them over to Israel.” 13 Then Jonathan climbed up on his hands and feet, with his armor bearer behind him; and the men fell before Jonathan, and his armor bearer put some to death after him. 14 Now that first slaughter which Jonathan and his armor bearer inflicted was about twenty men within about half a furrow in an acre of land. 15 And there was a trembling in the camp, in the field, and among all the people. Even the garrison and the raiders trembled, and the earth quaked so that it became a [d]great trembling. 16 Now Saul’s watchmen in Gibeah of Benjamin looked, and behold, the multitude dissolved; they went here and there. 17 So Saul said to the people who were with him, “Look carefully now and see who has left us.” And when they had looked, behold, Jonathan and his armor bearer were not there. 18 Then Saul said to Ahijah, “Bring the ark of God here.” For at that time the ark of God was with the sons of Israel. 19 While Saul talked to the priest, the commotion in the camp of the Philistines continued and increased; so Saul said to the priest, “Withdraw your hand.” 20 Then Saul and all the people who were with him rallied and came to the battle; and behold, every man’s sword was against his fellow Philistine, and there was very great confusion. 21 Now the Hebrews who were with the Philistines previously, who went up with them all around in the camp, even they also returned to be with the Israelites who were with Saul and Jonathan. 22 When all the men of Israel who had kept themselves hidden in the hill country of Ephraim heard that the Philistines had fled, they also closely pursued them in the battle. 23 So the LORD saved Israel that day, and the battle [e]spread beyond Beth-aven.
Footnotes
a. 1 Samuel 14:3 Lit carrying
b. 1 Samuel 14:9 Lit say thus
c. 1 Samuel 14:10 Lit say thus
d. 1 Samuel 14:15 Lit trembling of God
e. 1 Samuel 14:23 Lit passed over