撒母耳记上1章1-28节
撒母耳记上1章1-28节:讲义(朱国钧长老)
哈拿迫切祈求得子蒙神应允
吕振中译本
1以法莲山地有一个人属于拉玛地、是苏弗人，他名叫以利加拿，是以法莲人苏弗的元孙，托户的曾孙，以利户的孙子，耶罗罕的儿子。
2他有两个妻子，一个名叫哈拿，一个名叫毗尼拿；毗尼拿有孩子，哈拿没有孩子。
3这人年年从本城上示罗去敬拜、献祭给万军之永恒主；在那里有以利的两个儿子、何弗尼非尼哈、做永恒主的祭司。
4这一天、以利加拿献祭的时候，哈拿竟哭了，不吃饭。起因是∶以利加拿常将祭肉分儿给他的妻子毗尼拿和毗尼拿的儿女；
5虽然他比较爱哈拿，给哈拿的倒只有一分，是因为永恒主闭着她的子宫。
6只因永恒主闭着她的子宫，她的对头就大大惹了她发怒，要使她大发雷霆。
7这样、年年都是如此∶每逢她上永恒主的殿，毗尼拿总是这样惹她发怒，以致她哭了，不吃饭。
8她的丈夫以利加拿对她说∶「哈拿阿，你为什么哭？为什么不吃饭？为什么心里难过呢？在你看，我不是比十个儿子还好么？」
9人在示罗吃完了饭，也喝完了酒，哈拿就站起来；祭司以利在永恒主殿堂的门柱旁边在他的位上坐着。
10哈拿心里愁苦，就向永恒主祈祷，直痛哭饮泣。
11她许个愿说∶「万军之永恒主阿，你若真地看到使女的困苦，眷念到我，不忘了使女，而赐给使女一个男的后裔，那么我就要使他尽他一生的日子献与永恒主，剃刀总不上到他的头。」
12哈拿在永恒主面前不住地祈祷，以利直观察看她的咀。
13原来哈拿是心中念念有词，只是咀唇动动，声音却听不到，因此以利以为她是个喝醉了的妇人。
14以利对她说∶「你露醉像要到几时呢？把你的酒除去吧！」
15哈拿回答说∶「主阿，不是的；我是个心灵苦闷的妇人；清酒浓酒我都没有喝，我乃是在永恒主面前倾心吐意的。
16不要将使女看为无赖的女子哦；我是因为愁苦很多、被人惹怒、才念念有词到如今的。」
17以利回答说∶「你安心去吧！愿以色列的上帝将你向他所求的赐给你。」
18哈拿说∶「愿婢女在你眼前蒙恩」；这妇人便走她的、去吃饭，脸上再不带着愁容了。
19第二天、他们清早起来，在永恒主面前敬拜，就回拉玛，到了家里；以利加拿和妻子哈拿同房，永恒主眷念着哈拿。
20哈拿就怀孕；日期到、便生了一个儿子，她就给他起名叫撒母耳，因为她说∶「他是我从永恒主求来的。」
21以利加拿本人和他全家都上去，要将年祭和所许的愿献与永恒主。22哈拿却没有上去；她对她丈夫说∶「等孩子断了奶，我便带他上去、让他朝见永恒主，永远住在那里。」
23她丈夫以利加拿对她说∶「你看怎么好、就怎么作吧；你尽管呆着、等到给孩子断了奶；但愿永恒主实现你（传统∶他）的话。」于是那妇人在家里呆着、乳养儿子，直到给孩子断
了奶。
24既给孩子断了奶，她就把他带上去，又将一只三岁公牛（传统∶三只公牛）、一伊法面粉、一皮袋酒、一齐带到示罗永恒主的殿；也带孩子去（传统∶那时孩子还小）；
25他们宰了那只公牛，就领孩子到以利面前。
26妇人说∶「哦，我主阿，我敢指着我主的性命来起誓，从前在这里站在你旁边、向永恒主祈祷的那妇人就是我。
27我祈祷让我得这孩子，永恒主已将我向他求的赐给我了。
28所以我，我也将这孩子献归永恒主，使他尽他一生的日子献归永恒主。」他们就在那里敬拜永恒主。
ESV
The Birth of Samuel
There was a certain man of Ramathaim-zophim of the hill country of Ephraim whose name was Elkanah the son of Jeroham, son of Elihu, son of Tohu, son of Zuph, an Ephrathite.
2 He had two wives. The name of the one was Hannah, and the name of the other, Peninnah. And Peninnah had children, but Hannah had no children.
3 Now this man used to go up year by year from his city to worship and to sacrifice to the Lord of hosts at Shiloh, where the two sons of Eli, Hophni and Phinehas, were priests of the Lord.
4 On the day when Elkanah sacrificed, he would give portions to Peninnah his wife and to all her sons and daughters.
5 But to Hannah he gave a double portion, because he loved her, though the Lord had closed her womb.
6 And her rival used to provoke her grievously to irritate her, because the Lord had closed her womb.
7 So it went on year by year. As often as she went up to the house of the Lord, she used to provoke her. Therefore Hannah wept and would not eat.
8 And Elkanah, her husband, said to her, “Hannah, why do you weep? And why do you not eat? And why is your heart sad? Am I not more to you than ten sons?”
9 After they had eaten and drunk in Shiloh, Hannah rose. Now Eli the priest was sitting on the seat beside the doorpost of the temple of the Lord.
10 She was deeply distressed and prayed to the Lord and wept bitterly.
11 And she vowed a vow and said, “O Lord of hosts, if you will indeed look on the affliction of your servant and remember me and not forget your servant, but will give to your servant a son, then I will give him to the Lord all the days of his life, and no razor shall touch his head.”
12 As she continued praying before the Lord, Eli observed her mouth.
13 Hannah was speaking in her heart; only her lips moved, and her voice was not heard. Therefore Eli took her to be a drunken woman.
14 And Eli said to her, “How long will you go on being drunk? Put your wine away from you.”
15 But Hannah answered, “No, my lord, I am a woman troubled in spirit. I have drunk neither wine nor strong drink, but I have been pouring out my soul before the Lord.
16 Do not regard your servant as a worthless woman, for all along I have been speaking out of my great anxiety and vexation.”
17 Then Eli answered, “Go inpeace, and the God of Israel grant your petition that you have made to him.”
18 And she said, “Let your servant find favor in your eyes.” Then the woman went her way and ate, and her face was no longer sad.
19 They rose early in the morning and worshiped before the Lord; then they went back to their house at Ramah. And Elkanah knew Hannah his wife, and the Lord remembered her.
20 And in due time Hannah conceived and bore a son, and she called his name Samuel, for she said, “I have asked for him from the Lord.” Samuel Given to the Lord
21 The man Elkanah and all his house went up to offer to the Lord the yearly sacrifice and to pay his vow.
22 But Hannah did not go up, for she said to her husband, “As soon as the child is weaned, I will bring him, so that he may appear in the presence of the Lord and dwell there forever.”
23 Elkanah her husband said to her, “Do what seems best to you; wait until you have weaned him; only, may the Lord establish his word.” So the woman remained and nursed her son until she
weaned him.
24 And when she had weaned him, she took him up with her, along with a three-year-old bull, an ephah of flour, and a skin of wine, and she brought him to the house of the Lord at Shiloh. And the child was young.
25 Then they slaughtered the bull, and they brought the child to Eli. 26 And she said, “Oh, my lord! As you live, my lord, I am the woman who was standing here in your presence, praying to the Lord.
27 For this child I prayed, and the Lord has granted me my petition that I made to him.
28 Therefore I have lent him to the Lord. As long as he lives, he is lent to the Lord.” And he worshiped the Lord there.
MSG
1 There once was a man who lived in Ramathaim. He was descended from the old Zuph family in the Ephraim hills. His name was Elkanah. (He was connected with the Zuphs from Ephraim through his father Jeroham, his grandfather Elihu, and his great-grandfather Tohu.)
2 He had two wives. The first was Hannah; the second was Peninnah. Peninnah had children; Hannah did not.
3 Every year this man went from his hometown up to Shiloh to worship and offer a sacrifice to God-of-the-Angel-Armies. Eli and his two sons, Hophni and Phinehas, served as the priests of God there.
4 When Elkanah sacrificed, he passed helpings from the sacrificial meal around to his wife Peninnah and all her children,
5 but he always gave an especially generous helping to Hannah because he loved her so much, and because God had not given her children.
6 But her rival wife taunted her cruelly, rubbing it in and never letting her forget that God had not given her children.
7 This went on year after year. Every time she went to the sanctuary of God she could expect to be taunted. Hannah was reduced to tears and had no appetite.
8 Her husband Elkanah said, "Oh, Hannah, why are you crying? Why aren't you eating? And why are you so upset? Am I not of more worth to you than ten sons?"
9 So Hannah ate. Then she pulled herself together, slipped away quietly, and entered the sanctuary. The priest Eli was on duty at the entrance to God's Temple in the customary seat.
10 Crushed in soul, Hannah prayed to God and cried and cried - inconsolably.
11 Then she made a vow: Oh, God-of-the-Angel-Armies, If you'll take a good, hard look at my pain, If you'll quit neglecting me and go into action for me By giving me a son, I'll give him completely, unreservedly to you. I'll set him apart for a life of holy discipline.
12 It so happened that as she continued in prayer before God, Eli was watching her closely.
13 Hannah was praying in her heart, silently. Her lips moved, but no sound was heard. Eli jumped to the conclusion that she was drunk.
14 He approached her and said, "You're drunk! How long do you plan to keep this up? Sober up, woman!"
15 Hannah said, "Oh no, sir - please! I'm a woman hard used. I haven't been drinking. Not a drop of wine or beer. The only thing I've been pouring out is my heart, pouring it out to God.
16 Don't for a minute think I'm a bad woman. It's because I'm so desperately unhappy and in such pain that I've stayed here so long."
17 Eli answered her, "Go in peace.And may the God of Israel give you what you have asked of him."
18 "Think well of me - and pray for me!" she said, and went her way. Then she ate heartily, her face radiant.
19 Up before dawn, they worshiped God and returned home to Ramah. Elkanah slept with Hannah his wife, and God began making the necessary arrangements in response to what she had asked. Dedicating the Child to God
20 Before the year was out, Hannah had conceived and given birth to a son. She named him Samuel, explaining, "I asked God for him."
21 When Elkanah next took his family on their annual trip to Shiloh to worship God, offering sacrifices and keeping his vow,
22 Hannah didn't go. She told her husband, "After the child is weaned, I'll bring him myself and present him before God - and that's where he'll stay, for good."
23 Elkanah said to his wife, "Do what you think is best. Stay home until you have weaned him. Yes! Let God complete what he has begun!"
24 Then she took him up to Shiloh, bringing also the makings of a generous sacrificial meal - a prize bull, flour, and wine. The child was so young to be sent off!
25 They first butchered the bull, then brought the child to Eli.
26 Hannah said, "Excuse me, sir. Would you believe that I'm the very woman who was standing before you at this very spot, praying to God?
27 I prayed for this child, and God gave me what I asked for.
28 And now I have dedicated him to God. He's dedicated to God for life." Then and there, they worshiped God.
破冰 ﹕
• 你曾经迫切向神祈求过吗？你所祈求的是什么？
• 你认为如果夫妻二人如果没有孩子，哪个比较会先迫切向神求孩子？为什么这么觉得？
• 你觉得什么是你经历过最痛苦的事？有没有带到神的面前述说？后来结果如何？
分段 ﹕
• 哈拿的苦情 (撒上1:1-8)
• 哈拿向神迫切许愿求子 (撒上1:9-18)
• 撒母耳的出生及哈拿献上独子 (撒上1:19-28)
观察、解释、应用 ﹕
哈拿的苦情 (撒上1:1-8)
1以法莲山区有一个拉玛的琐非人，名叫以利加拿，他是苏弗的玄孙，托户的曾孙，以利户的孙子，耶罗罕的儿子，是以法莲人。
2他有两个妻子：一个名叫哈拿，另一个名叫毗尼拿。 毗尼拿有孩子，哈拿却没有孩子。
以利加拿是利未支派哥辖族的子孙 (参代上6:33-38)，所以他的子孙都可以进入圣殿作圣殿的事工。他们住在以法莲的山区，因此被称为以法莲人。他有两个妻子：哈拿和毗尼拿。这里是说两个妻子，也就是说在地位上是同等、不分高下的。毗尼拿为以利加拿生了几个孩子，而哈拿却一个也没有。
这一段开始的引言就显出一夫多妻的重大问题：不必要的你争我斗。就好象现在男人有小三时的情况一样，一定会产生不必要的争夺问题。在当时一夫多妻是允许的，也可说是一个不好的风俗是从亚伯拉罕不信神的应许而开始的。
思考: 作丈夫的对妻子应当有什么心态？如果自己的妻子不生育怎么办？作妻子的对丈夫又应当是什么心态？是不是真心让二人成为一体？永不分离？
3这人每年从本城上到示罗，敬拜万军之耶和华，向他献祭。 在那里有以利的两个儿子何弗尼和非尼哈当耶和华的祭司。
4每逢献祭的日子，以利加拿把祭肉分给他的妻子毗尼拿和毗尼拿所生的儿女。
5他给哈拿的却是双分，因为他爱哈拿。 耶和华却不使哈拿生育。
6她的对头毗尼拿因耶和华不使哈拿生育，就常常惹她发怒，要使她生气。
7年年都是如此。 每当她上到耶和华殿的时候，毗尼拿就这样惹她发怒，以致她哭泣不吃饭。 8她丈夫以利加拿对她说：「哈拿，你为何哭泣？ 为何不吃饭？ 为何伤心难过呢？
有我不比有十个儿子更好吗？」
示罗是当时会幕的所在地，也就是后面所说耶和华的殿的所在地，地势比较高，是敬拜的中心。以利加拿每年都从以法莲山区去示罗献祭敬拜以色列的统帅万军之耶和华。以利是亚伦大祭司的小儿子以他玛的后裔，是当时的大祭司。这里提到他两个儿子何弗尼和非尼哈是耶和华的祭司。当时只有祭司才可以把献祭人所献的祭物烧在祭坛上，是神所赐特殊的权柄。
“献祭的日子”是指犹太人的三大节日：逾越节、五旬节、住棚节。他们在这三大节日都要到圣地去献祭。“以利加拿把祭肉分给他的妻子毗尼拿和毗尼拿所生的儿女”表示这不是燔祭的祭肉，而是平安祭所献的祭肉，献祭的人才可以带回家。他妻子毗尼拿为他生了几个儿子及几个女儿，照里说应当分更多的祭肉才对。不过以利加拿却给哈拿的比毗尼拿的多一倍，因为他更爱哈拿！但是神却不让哈拿怀孕生子！
毗尼拿看见神不使哈拿生育就讥笑她、刺激她、让哈拿受不了。当时不生儿子对妻子来说是十分羞耻的一件大事。哈拿不生育不仅仅只是短短一段时间而已，而是许多年，年年如此的悲惨受嘲笑！每年毗尼拿都会讥笑她、刺激她好几次！哈拿所受的刺激非常非常的大，甚至她悲痛得连吃饭也都吃不下！
思考: 自己有没有偏心不公正的时候？如果你有子女，你怎么对待你的子女？子女有没有在某个场合对你说不公平？如果你感受到许许多多的恩典，会不会觉得了不起？会不会对别人夸耀？甚至讥笑别人？
应用: 如果以前曾使别人不高兴、不舒服过，想一想是什么事件、什么原因？怎么能够补救而实际上去进行让别人知道你实在是抱歉、诚心地道歉。
哈拿向神迫切许愿求子 （撒上1:9-18）
9他们在示罗吃喝完了，哈拿就站起来。 祭司以利坐在耶和华殿门框旁边的位子上。
10哈拿心里愁苦，就痛痛哭泣，向耶和华祈祷。
11她许愿说：「万军之耶和华啊，你若垂顾你使女的苦情，眷念不忘你的使女，赐你的使女一个子嗣，我必使他终生归给耶和华，不用剃刀剃他的头。」
哈拿内心的苦楚有很好倾诉的对象，那就是神。她不但向神诉苦，并且许愿说如果神赐给她儿子，她会把那个儿子归给神、让神自己亲自使用！那是把儿子完完全全的交托给神！完全是属于神的！这是多么感人、真心诚意的一个祷告！这个真诚的祷告还有见证人大祭司以利。“不用剃刀剃他的头”是指作拿细耳人 (参士13:5)，完全属神所有。
思考: 自己有没有向神许愿的经验？如果有，神答应后你怎么还愿？有没有曾经作过孩子的奉献礼，让神使用？如果有，现在的情况如何？
应用: 如果有任何十分不顺利的事件，请放下自己、迫切地来到神的面前倾心吐意的祷告交托，让神引领前面的道路。
12哈拿在耶和华面前不住地祈祷，以利注意她的嘴。
13哈拿心中默祷，只动嘴唇，听不到她的声音，因此以利以为她喝醉了。
14以利对她说：「你要醉到几时呢？ 不要再喝酒了！」
15哈拿回答说：「我主啊，不是这样。 我是心里愁苦的妇人，清酒烈酒都没有喝，只在耶和华面前倾心吐意。
16不要将你的使女看作不正经的女子。 我因极其难过和生气，所以一直祷告到如今。」
17以利回答说：「平平安安地回去吧。 愿以色列的神允准你向他所求的！」
18哈拿说：「愿你的婢女在你眼前蒙恩。」 于是妇人上路，去吃饭，脸上不再带愁容了。
哈拿的祷告不是简短几分钟而已，而是长久不住地祷告，但不是说出声音的祷告而是默默、只动嘴唇的那种祷告。大祭司以利看到她的嘴唇在动却没有声音，以为她喝醉了而在胡言乱语，所以问她说：「你要醉到几时呢？ 不要再喝酒了！」这里可以看到以利的观察力不是很好、也没有同理心。不然他应当注意到哈拿的苦情、脸上痛苦的表现。
哈拿告诉以利她没有喝酒，而是心里十分的愁苦、极其难过和生气。也就是说感受十分的复杂，不仅仅只是难过，并且生气，很可能不仅仅是对毗尼拿生气，也是对丈夫以利加拿生气，因为以利加拿根本没有同理心！
思考: 自己是不是能够把一切遭遇向神倾心吐意的诉说？会不会经常与神有亲密的连接？以什么管道与神亲近？自己祷告结束后，会不会像哈拿一样，脸上不再带愁容了？会不会想到神所赐出人意外的平安必会保守我们的心怀意念？
应用: 如果还没有参加任何的祷告聚会，请选择至少参加一种：如星期三晚上的祷告会或查经过后大家一起祷告的时间。
撒母耳的出生及哈拿献上独子 (撒上1:19-28)
19他们清早起来，在耶和华面前敬拜，就回去，往拉玛自己的家里。 以利加拿和妻子哈拿同房，耶和华顾念哈拿。 20时候到了，哈拿怀孕生了一个儿子，给他起名叫撒母耳，说：「这是我从耶和华那里求来的。」
哈拿迫切的祈求许愿得蒙神的垂听，很快地奇迹就出现在哈拿身上。这次以利加拿和妻子哈拿同房马上就产生果效，哈拿竟然怀孕了。怀孕满期她生了一个儿子，起名叫撒母耳，意思是神听见祷告，撒母耳是神听允哈拿祷告的结果。
思考: 自己祷告蒙垂听后有没有实际的行动去完成神的工作？以什么方式表达你对神的感谢？你是不是早上起来第一件大事就是祷告？教会的主日崇拜，你会不会早到一些，先准备好自己的心在崇拜中把主放在首位？
应用: 如果还没有开始晨祷，请现在就学习与家人养成晨祷的习惯。
21以利加拿和他全家都上去，要向耶和华献年祭和还愿祭。
22哈拿却没有上去，因为她对丈夫说：「等孩子断了奶，我就带他上去朝见耶和华，让他永远住在那里。」
23她丈夫以利加拿对她说：「就照你看为好的去做吧！ 可以留到儿子断了奶，愿耶和华应验他的话。」 于是妇人留在家里乳养儿子，直到他断了奶。
24断奶之后，她就带着孩子，连同一头三岁的公牛，一伊法细面，一皮袋酒，上示罗耶和华的殿去。 那时，孩子还小。
25他们宰了公牛，就领孩子到以利面前。
26妇人说：「我主啊，请容许我说，我向你，我的主起誓，从前在你这里站着祈求耶和华的那妇人就是我。
27我祈求为要得这孩子，耶和华已将我向他所求的赐给我了。
28所以，我将这孩子献给耶和华，使他终生归给耶和华。」 他就在那里敬拜耶和华。
“以利加拿和他全家都上去”是指以利加拿、毗尼拿、以及毗尼拿所有的子女们，并不包括哈拿与撒母耳，因为那时撒母耳还在吃母奶，相当年幼的时候。所以哈拿对她丈夫以利加拿说：「等孩子断了奶，我就带他上去朝见耶和华，让他永远住在那里。」也就是说哈拿有相当长一段时间，可能至少有三年之久没有去会幕敬拜。
当撒母耳断奶后，哈拿就带着撒母耳，以及丰丰富富的祭物。当时三岁的公牛是祭物中最贵的还愿祭！哈拿把年幼的撒母耳带到以利面前宣告当初向神所许的愿，现在来实践了。她把撒母耳这个年幼的孩子交给大祭司以利，从今以后撒母耳是完全归属于神的了。他们就在当下当地敬拜神，表示许愿的完成式、不再有任何欠缺。
思考: 自己是不是带领全家去主日敬拜？如果不是，有没有像哈拿一样是有正当的理由的呢？主日敬拜时，你把什么献给主？如果你是一位母亲，会不会像哈拿一样好好养育儿女，让他们将来成为神可以使用贵重的器皿？你给神的奉献是不是真心诚意？尽了你的能力？
应用: 如果你是为人父母的，请好好养育装备自己的子女，准备让他们可以在将来让主有果效的使用作主的圣工。