傳道書7章1-29節
傳道書7章1-29節: 講義(朱國鈞長老)
人生当追求珍惜什么?
經文﹕
吕振中译本
ESV
MSG
1好名誉强于好膏油;死的日子胜过生的日子。2往有丧事的家去,比往宴饮的家去好;因为死是一切人的终局;活人必须将这事放在心上。3愁苦比喜笑好,因为由于愁容、心就好些。4智慧人的心在于有丧事的家;愚顽人的心在于快乐的家。5听智慧人的叱责,比听愚顽人的歌曲好。6锅底下荆棘的爆裂声怎么样,愚顽人的笑声也怎么样∶这也是虚空。7勒索之利使智慧人变为狂妄;贿赂礼能毁灭人的心。8事情的结局、比事情的起头好;心忍耐的,比心骄傲的好。9你不要心里急躁而恼怒,因为恼怒是存在愚顽人心怀中的。10你不要说∶「为什么先前的日子比如今这些日子好呢?」因为你问到这事、并不是出于智慧。11智慧附加产业是好的,对那得见天日的人都有益处。12因为人在智慧之阴庇下,像在银钱之阴庇下一样;但智慧能使得智慧的人晓得怎样生活∶这便是认识智慧的益处。13你要察看上帝的作为∶他所使弯曲的、谁能使它变直呢?14在境遇好的日子你要喜乐;在境遇不好的日子你要用心看;因为上帝这样安排,也那样安排,是要叫人查不出身后的任何事。15在我虚幻的日子里、我都见过以下的事∶有义人在行义,反而早死;有恶人在行恶,倒享长寿。16你行义不要过度;显智慧不要过分;为什么要自取败亡呢?17你不要一味行恶;不要做愚昧人;为什么要到末时呢?18顶好要掌握着这个;那个也不要松手;因为敬畏上帝的人必须把两样都掌握得对。19智慧使智慧人有能力,比城中十个谘议员更有权势。20地上实在没有一个义人、时常行善而未尝犯罪的。21人所说的话、你不要都放在心上,恐怕你听见你仆人在咒骂你;22因为你心里也知道、许多次你自己也咒骂过别人。23这一切我都用智慧试验过;我说∶「我可有智1A good name is better than precious ointment, and the day of death than the day of birth. 2 It is better to go to the house of mourning than to go to the house of feasting, for this is the end of all mankind, and the living will lay it to heart. 3Sorrow is better than laughter, for by sadness of face the heart is made glad. 4The heart of the wise is in the house of mourning, but the heart of fools is in the house of mirth. 5It is better for a man to hear the rebuke of the wise than to hear the song of fools. 6For as the crackling of thorns under a pot, so is the laughter of the fools; this also is vanity. 7Surely oppression drives the wise into madness, and a bribe corrupts the heart. 8Better is the end of a thing than its beginning, and the patient in spirit is better than the proud in spirit. 9Be not quick in your spirit to become angry, for anger lodges in the heart of fools. 10Say not, “Why were the former days better than these?” For it is not from wisdom that you ask this. 11Wisdom is good with an inheritance, an advantage to those who see the sun. 12 For the protection of wisdom is like the protection of money, and the advantage of knowledge is that wisdom preserves the life of him who has it. 13Consider the work of God: who can make straight what he has made crooked? 14In the day of prosperity be joyful, and in the day of adversity consider: God has made the one as well as the other, so that man may not find out anything that will be after him. 15In my vain life I have seen everything. There is a righteous man who perishes in his righteousness, and there is a wicked man who prolongs his life in his evildoing. 16Be not overly righteous, and do not make yourself too wise. Why should you destroy yourself? 17Be not overly wicked, neither be a fool. Why should you die before your time? 18It is good that you should take hold of this, and from that withhold not your hand, for the one who fears God shall come out from both of them. 19Wisdom gives strength to the wise man more than ten rulers who are in a city. 20Surely there is not a righteous man on earth who does good and never sins. 21Do not take to heart all the things that people say, lest you hear your servant cursing you.
1Good reputation is better than a fat bank account. Your death date tells more than your birth date. 2You learn more at a funeral than at a feast - After all, that's where we'll end up. We might discover something from it. 3Crying is better than laughing. It blotches the face but it scours the heart. 4Sages invest themselves in hurt and grieving. Fools waste their lives in fun and games. 5You'll get more from the rebuke of a sage than from the song and dance of fools. 6The giggles of fools are like the crackling of twigs Under the cooking pot. And like smoke. 7Brutality stupefies even the wise and destroys the strongest heart. 8Endings are better than beginnings. Sticking to it is better than standing out. 9Don't be quick to fly off the handle. Anger boomerangs. You can spot a fool by the lumps on his head. 10Don't always be asking, "Where are the good old days?" Wise folks don't ask questions like that. 11Wisdom is better when it's paired with money, especially if you get both while you're still living. 12Double protection: wisdom and wealth! Plus this bonus: Wisdom energizes its owner. 13Take a good look at God's work. Who could simplify and reduce Creation's curves and angles to a plain straight line? 14On a good day, enjoy yourself; On a bad day, examine your conscience. God arranges for both kinds of days So that we won't take anything for granted. Stay in Touch with Both Sides 15I've seen it all in my brief and pointless life - here a good person cut down in the middle of doing good, there a bad person living a long life of sheer evil. 16So don't knock yourself out being good, and don't go overboard being wise. Believe me, you won't get anything out of it. 17But don't press your luck by being bad, either. And don't be reckless. Why die needlessly? 18It's best to stay in touch with both sides of an issue. A person who fears God deals responsibly with all of reality, not just a piece of it. 19Wisdom puts more strength in one wise person Than ten strong men give to a city. 20There's not one totally good person on earth, Not one who is truly pure and sinless. 21Don't eavesdrop on the conversation of others. What if the gossip's about you and you'd rather not hear it? 22You've done that a few times,
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慧了」;事实上还差得远呢。24现在的事实离我很远,又很深,真深!谁能查出呢?25我心里转来转去要知道、要窥探、要寻求智慧和万事的总和,要知道邪恶是愚顽,愚昧是狂妄。26我查出一宗比死还苦的事∶就是有一种妇人是网罗;她的心是网子,她的手是锁鍊∶那使上帝喜悦的人能躲避她;爱犯罪的人却被她缠住了。27传道人说∶看哪,这一点我查出了;我一一地计算,要寻得一个总和∶28就是我心里屡次寻找着,而未曾找到的∶在一千人中我找到了一个正直的男人,但女人呢,在一千人之中、我却找不到一个正直的。29看哪,只有这一件我查出了∶上帝造人原是正直的,但人却想法子制作许多巧设的事物来。 22Your heart knows that many times you yourself have cursed others. 23All this I have tested by wisdom. I said, “I will be wise,” but it was far from me. 24That which has been is far off, and deep, very deep; who can find it out? 25I turned my heart to know and to search out and to seek wisdom and the scheme of things, and to know the wickedness of folly and the foolishness that is madness. 26And I find something more bitter than death: the woman whose heart is snares and nets, and whose hands are fetters. He who pleases God escapes her, but the sinner is taken by her. 27Behold, this is what I found, says the Preacher, while adding one thing to another to find the scheme of things— 28which my soul has sought repeatedly, but I have not found. One man among a thousand I found, but a woman among all these I have not found. 29See, this alone I found, that God made man upright, but they have sought out many schemes.
haven't you - said things Behind someone's back you wouldn't say to his face? 23I tested everything in my search for wisdom. I set out to be wise, but it was beyond me, 24far beyond me, and deep - oh so deep! Does anyone ever find it? 25I concentrated with all my might, studying and exploring and seeking wisdom - the meaning of life. I also wanted to identify evil and stupidity, foolishness and craziness. 26One discovery: A woman can be a bitter pill to swallow, full of seductive scheming and grasping. The lucky escape her; the undiscerning get caught. 27At least this is my experience - what I, the Quester, have pieced together as I've tried to make sense of life. 28But the wisdom I've looked for I haven't found. I didn't find one man or woman in a thousand worth my while. 29Yet I did spot one ray of light in this murk: God made men and women true and upright; we're the ones who've made a mess of things.
破冰 ﹕
• 你觉得你最追求、最珍惜的是什么?常常喜乐?荣华富贵?聪明智慧?好名声?是别人患难中随时的帮助?是神所使用贵重的器皿?
• 你觉得你十分清楚明白神会怎么使用你吗?你喜不喜欢读圣经?经常参加查经或祷告的聚会吗?积极参与教会或团契的事工?
• 在你的经历中最难过的时刻是什么?最快乐的时刻又是什么?你认为一帆风顺的日子很好吗?当你遇到难处挑战时,你是如何面对的?
• 在你计划考虑一件事工时,你会不会经常把正反两面都仔细地考虑清楚?如果有相当大的可能性你不会顺利完成时,你会怎么处理?
分段 ﹕
• 人生中什么是好的及重要的 (传7:1-14)
− 要好好重视保守自己的名誉 (传7:1)
− 当清楚分别短暂生命中的轻重 (传7:2-6)
− 要重视结局不要只看眼前 (传7:7-10)
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− 神让顺利亨通与患难挑战并存有其目的 (传7:11-14)
• 当追求并持守敬畏神的生活 (传7:15-29)
− 不要自义当过敬畏神的生活 (传7:15-18)
− 世上没有一个义人 (传7:19-22)
− 世上并无真智慧与正直 (传7:23-29)
观察、解释、应用 ﹕
人生中什么是好的及重要的 (传7:1-14)
要好好重视保守自己的名誉 (传7:1)
1名誉强如美好的膏油,人死去的日子胜过他出生的日子。
膏油不仅仅代表欢喜快乐(传9:7-8)、顺畅及名誉,这里膏油也和生死拉手。当人死的时候留下好的名声比起有好的出生后过着奢华无意义的生活,但最后却悲悲惨惨的死好多了。这个开始的宣告带出了下面所罗门指出人在短暂的生命中应当重视些什么。
思考:你觉得你的生活比较注重享受还是注重灵命的更新?有没有想过你死后会留下什么?
应用:如果愿意死后留名,想想怎么能够改变你现在的生活而渐渐改进别人对你的看法与印象。
当清楚分别短暂生命中的轻重 (传7:2-6)
2往丧家去,强如往宴乐的家,因为死是众人的结局,活人必将这事放在心上。3忧愁强如喜笑,因为面带愁容,终必使心喜乐。4智慧人的心在遭丧之家;愚昧人的心在快乐之家。5听智慧人的责备,强如听愚昧人歌唱;6因为愚昧人的笑声,好像锅子下面烧荆棘的爆声,这也是虚空。
在好好注重自己的名声这个大前提下,所罗门接着举了好几个在人短暂的生命中可以比较的理念,都是从心发出。让我们很容易联想到箴言4:23“你要保守你心,胜过保守一切,因为一生的果效是由心发出。” 在我们短暂的人生上,我们的心思意念应当重视的是什么呢?人生既然这么短暂,每个人都当好好珍惜自己的每一分每一秒,绝不浪费;而不是毫无目的的奢侈享受浪费光阴。严肃详细甚至愁苦的思考人生比嘻嘻哈哈不经意的人生好多了。
真正对你好的朋友会劝说一些你不喜欢听的话。这就是我们华人「忠言逆耳」的成语。不要单单享受嘻嘻哈哈,好象爆竹一样放过后什么也没有留下。要追求并珍惜对生命真正有价值、永存的好东西。
思考:你认为一般人会比较喜欢参加喜宴还是丧礼?你有没有用心想过你生命的结束时会是怎么样的情况?
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应用:既然,短暂的生命有许多有价值、有意义的事工当作的,你可不可以思想计划一下今年能够完成,神会喜悦的一件事工。
要重视结局不要只看眼前 (传7:7-10)
7勒索使智慧人变为愚妄,贿赂能败坏人的心。8事情的终局强如它的起头;存心忍耐的,胜过居心骄傲的。9你的心不要急躁恼怒,因为恼怒存在愚昧人的怀中。10不要说:为什么先前的日子强过现今的日子呢?你这样问不是出于智慧。
这个黑暗的世界上有许许多多的诱惑。一般人都会走在这世界的道路上而随波逐流。威胁利诱是一般人经常使用的手段,但不是神所喜悦的。聪明人更会想出许许多多的办法去做事。这里再度提醒人先要有颗正直的心。心正是最好的起点,不贪、不骄傲、不急躁恼怒、不恋旧。要学习使徒保罗忘记过去、努力面前,向着标杆直跑!
思考:你有没有定期安静下来作生活上的检讨?在哪方面心思意念可能不是那么的正直?有些什么方面自己觉得值得骄傲的呢?什么时候比较烦躁易怒?对现在的日子有些什么不满意、不如以前的地方?你有没有你生命确切清晰的标杆?
应用:想一想自己有些什么私心?怎么把这些不好的心思意念渐渐被讨神喜悦的心思意念替换过来。
神让顺利亨通与患难挑战并存有其目的 (传7:11-14)
11智慧加上产业是美好的,对见天日的人都有益处。12因为智慧庇护人,好像金钱庇护人一样;智慧能保全智慧者的生命,这就是知识的益处。13你要观看神的作为,谁能使他所弯曲的变直呢?14顺利时要喜乐;患难时当思考。神使这两样都发生,因此,人不知将会发生什么事。
顺利亨通加上智慧与财富是一件非常奇妙美好的事!不过这里加上了患难挑战而让人过得更丰盛更有意义的生活!我们不知道明天如何,但知道一定是新的一天,有新的挑战。只有神是跨越时空不受任何限制的。
思考:你觉得自己的生活过得有意义、非常丰富吗?你觉得神是不是给你智慧超过一般人?你对你现在拥有的满意吗?当你受到特别难处挑战时,是不是愿意欣然接受?
应用:下次遇到顺利亨通的事件时,好好感谢神,会让这样的事件临到你成为你的帮助。遇到患难时,好好思考这次的患难对你有什么提醒?有什么目的?以后怎么能够不再遭遇可以避免的患难?
当追求并持守敬畏神的生活 (传1:15-29)
不要自义当过敬畏神的生活 (传7:15-18)
15在虚度的日子里,我见过各样的事情,义人在他的义中灭亡,恶人在他的恶中倒享长寿。16不要行义过分,也不要过于自逞智慧,何必自取败亡呢?17不要行恶过分,也不要为人愚昧,何必未到期而死呢?18你持守这个,那个也不要松手才好。敬畏神的人,这一切都能兼得。
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圣经和合本「虚度的日子」这个翻译不正确!吕振中译本的翻译「虚幻的日子」比较好,带出时间短暂的意思。英文圣经 the Message Bible 翻译成 “brief and pointless life” 比较接近原来的意思。这里的义应该是指法利赛人那种假冒为善的义,也就是自称为义的人最后还是被消灭。恶人的报应一定会来到,但不见得是马上的事。
总之,自己不要太作主张、一切靠自己绝对不是最好的生活之道!无论是自己想尽力行善或做坏事都是愚昧。只有敬畏神、愿意放下自己完全按照神的心意过生活的才是最好的生活之道!
思考:你觉得一天一天是不是过得很快?是不是许许多多大大小小的事情你也经历过?有没有愤愤不平的时候?有没有自以为义的时候?怎样才算是有智慧?如何才是真正的义人?
应用:想一想现在你怎么敬畏神、让神居首位?主日崇拜有没有提前到,准备自己的心?有没有参加各种各样的祷告聚会(包括星期三晚上)?有没有好好先研读圣经后再参加查经聚会?如果没有,请先选一项开始操练更加敬畏神的生活。
世上没有一个义人 (传7:19-22)
19智慧使拥有智慧的人比城中十个官长更有能力。20其实世上没有行善而不犯罪的义人。21人所说的话,你不要都放在心上,免得听见你的仆人诅咒你。22因为你心里知道,自己也曾屡次诅咒别人。
智慧是宝贵有极大能力的。但是智慧并不能救人、只能叫人清楚知道人类的有限、无法胜过这个世界。世界上没有一个什么错误都不犯的正直人!就是在这个原以纯正基督教立国的国家,也是一直在走下坡、离开真神越走越远。
所有的人在言语上一定会有过失的,就像仆人一定会诅咒主人,因为主人也一定会诅咒奴仆一样。所以箴言告诉我们:多言多语难免有过,禁止嘴唇便有智慧。(箴10:19)
思考:你觉得在你的周遭谁是比较有聪明智慧的人?你如何衡量?完全依赖自己真的可以成为行善而不犯罪的义人吗?别人对你的批评论断你是不是完全不在意?一般你会怎么反应?
世上并无真智慧与正直 (传7:23-29)
23我曾用智慧试验这一切事,我说:“要得智慧。”智慧却离我远。24万事之理遥不可及,太深奥,谁能测透呢?25我转念,一心要知道,要考察,要寻求智慧和万事的来由,要知道邪恶为愚昧,愚昧为狂妄。26我发现有一种妇人比死还苦毒:她本身是陷阱,她的心是罗网,手是锁链。凡蒙神喜爱的人必能躲开她;有罪的人却被她缠住了。27传道者说:“你看,我考察一件又一件,为要寻求万事的来由,这是我所寻得的:28我继续寻找,却未找到;一千当中,我找到一个男的,但在这一切当中,却找不到一个女的。29你看,我所找到的只有一件,就是神造的人是正直的,但他们却寻出许多诡计。”
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人的智慧有她的局限。虽然所罗门用尽了他的聪明才智、一切所有的办法想明白神怎么给人顺利亨通,却又给人患难挑战,还是想不通、无法理解!世界上那么多各种各样的被造物,当然没有人能够无所不知、无所不及的!
其实真正的智慧与正直在这个世界上并不存在!因为这是一个黑暗的世界,肉体的情欲、眼目的情欲、以及今生的骄傲充满着这个世界!在这黑暗的世界上有迷惑人的淫妇如撒旦般到处设下陷阱,使人陷入她的网罗里。这个淫妇比死亡还可怕!人在不知不觉中就掉在这个陷阱当中,无法自拔,越陷越深。
在所有追求真理的人当中,可能会找到一个人。这里的男人可以是代表所有的人类,因为在创世纪中的男人,许多地方是代表着人类而不是仅仅指男人。但在黑暗世界的阴影之下,一个正直的人都找不到!
幸好神给人开了一条可以解决这个难题的道路,就是先放下自己的努力愿意完全交托给神、让神居首位、让神来掌管前面的道路、让神做主。这样愿意放下自己而接受主的掌管的人必蒙神所喜爱、必能躲开这淫妇深厚的影响力。
思考:在这个世界上,你最愿意花时间学习的是什么?与神的话语作比较时,你是不是花费更多的时间在追求世界上的事?有没有珍惜现在拥有的圣经是当时所罗门时代没有的?
应用:如果你已经是重生得救的基督徒,想一想怎么把神给世人这个无价的礼物送给一位未信的朋友。如果你还不是基督徒,请让你的基督徒朋友把主耶稣基督救赎的好消息讲述给你听。